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HOUSE OF THE DAY: Former Art Dealer Sells East Hampton 'Cottage' For A Bargain $30 Million

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Lily Pond Hamptons 12

Two years after former art dealer Bernard Goldberg put his 1900s beach house on the market for $40 million, he finally found a buyer.

The property's price had recently dropped to $29.95 million, according to CurbedThe East Hampton "cottage," as Sotheby's describes it in the listing, is currently under contract, though the buyer and sale price are unknown. 

The home sits on 1.25 acres, with 200 feet of direct access to the ocean. In 5,000 square feet, the home has six bedrooms and five bathrooms. There's also a 40-foot by 20-foot pool in the backyard.    

High hedges shield the property on Lily Pond Lane for maximum privacy.



The shingle style beach house still includes original features from when it was built at the turn of the 20th century.



Inside, there's plenty of wall space for a burgeoning art collector to display his wares.



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Here's What Ku Klux Klan Gatherings Are Like Today

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AKarenKKK 23

Decades after the era when the Ku Klux Klan lynched African-Americans, the hate group is still fighting for white power.

There are active chapters in 41 U.S. states, with between 5,000 and 8,000 active members, according to the Southern Poverty Law Center. Members are split among local organizations like the Fraternal White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan in Tennessee and a few national organizations, like the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan.

Photojournalist Anthony S. Karen has spent the last 8 years documenting Klan organizations in 14 states across the country. We've published some of his photos below; more can be found in an eBook on iTunes called “White Pride.AKarenKKK 21Karen says that, when he works, he strives to be a nonjudgmental observer who accepts each person as an individual. This attitude helped him get incredible access to notoriously wary subjects.AKarenKKK 4Karen started his project by contacting a number of local KKK groups via contact information on their websites. Most said no, but one eventually agreed to let him photograph a cross-lighting ceremony if he left his camera in the car until the ceremony began. 

Cross-lightings are most often associated with attempts by the Klan to intimidate or threaten minority members of its community, though Klan members claim it is meant to symbolize the members' faith in Christ. Some current Klan organizations attempt to distance themselves from cross-lightings meant to intimidate people, which they call "cross-burnings."AKarenKKK 22After the first event, Karen met with the leader of one of the largest Klan organizations who extended an open invitation for Karen to attend any events that he hosted. The acceptance from the Klan leader led other organizations to take him seriously and invite him to other gatherings. This photo is a Klan gathering in North Carolina.

AKarenKKK 10AKarenKKK 14 The Klan also invited him to a lot of casual gatherings, including meetings known as Klonvocations, "unity" BBQs, and even a traditional Klan wedding, held at a Civil War battleground. Here, an Imperial Wizard and his wife grocery shop before a spring "unity" BBQ.

AKarenKKK 20AKarenKKK 16Klan members were mostly guarded when Karen first met them, so he left his camera at his side for most of the first rally he attended and later only photographed people with their permission.

"Once your subject feels that you respect them as a person, they tend to forget about the camera altogether and the intimacy will occur naturally," Karen told Business Insider.

Karen says that the overall impression he got was that today's Klan members often join because they want to be part of an exclusively white organization that opposes homosexuality, interracial relationships, and illegal immigration.

AKarenKKK 2AKarenKKK 17The largest Klan organization is called Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, which is also known as the Knight's Party and based in Harrison, Ark. Here's the national director of the Knights Party, Thomas Robb (center), along with some of his family members.

AKarenKKK 12

Each year, the Knights Party holds an annual congress, called the Faith and Freedom Conference. It is usually held outside of Harrison on a Klan member's property. Most attendees come with their whole families, and some camp outside the conference compound for the weekend. Here are Klan members on a break from that conference.

AKarenKKK 9Karen says that, for the most part, members try to avoid confrontation, though it happens most often during public events.

One confrontation that Karen witnessed followed a rally hosted by the Mississippi White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan at the Lee County Courthouse in Tupelo, Miss. The protest was against illegal immigration and local sex offenders. Klan members were also protesting for schools to reinstate mandatory prayers.

It was the first major Klan appearance in Tupelo since the 1970s. AKarenKKK 19

SEE ALSO: How A Jewish Inmate Survived In A Prison Filled With Neo-Nazis

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Here's What Spending $45,000 A Night At The Four Seasons Gets You

19 Tiny Lifestyle Changes You Can Make To Get Healthier

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HealthA Reddit-user recently asked: What is one small lifestyle change you can do to be healthier?

The suggestions came pouring in. We've selected our favorite small lifestyle tweaks, which over time, should lead to larger personal changes. 

1. Learn to drink your coffee black.

Coffee is good for you (in moderation). Eliminating milk, cream, sugar, or flavorings will cut calories and maximize coffee's health benefits.

2. Stand on one leg while brushing your teeth. 

This is an easy multi-tasking activity that can improve your balance

3. Spread avocado on your toast instead of butter. 

Avocados are a good source of healthy fats. The fleshy green fruit is a mainstay on the "superfood" list

4. Meditate for just 20 minutes a day.  

At least a dozen executives swear by the relaxing technique.

5. Eat fruit instead of candy.  

Candy is sweet because it contains processed sugar, usually high fructose corn syrup. Fruit is sweet because it contains natural sugar, while it's also rich in fiber and vitamins. 

6. Learn how to cook.

You will eat healthier, save money on dining out, and boost your self-esteem armed with a new skill. 

7. Park farther away from your destination. 

This is an easy way to squeeze more physical activity into your daily routine. 

8. Use the stairs instead of the elevator. 

This will burn calories and tone leg muscles.

9. Shop on a full stomach.

Studies show that people who snack before a grocery trip buy fewer unhealthy foods

10. Drink more water.

The benefits of staying hydrated are endless — healthier hair, skin, and more energy. Some fitness experts claim you can lose weight if you drink water before every meal

11. Turn off your phone from time to time.

Occasionally unplugging can help stressed individuals achieve a state of complete relaxation

12. Read a book.

Expand your knowledge, reduce stress, and briefly cut ties with the Internet. 

13. Walk faster. 

Power walking will help blast fat — and get you to your destination sooner. 

14. Eat whole wheat bread instead of white bread.

Whole wheat bread is higher in fiber than regular white bread. Fiber helps with digestion.

15. Moisturize daily. 

A good moisturizing regimen prevents dry, flaky skin.  

16. Stretch every day.  

Studies have shown that, in addition to enhancing flexibility, stretching makes you stronger and increases endurance

17. Regularly wash your hands with soap and water and dry properly.

This simple step gets rids of germs and drying off prevents the spread of bacteria.  

18. If you are a regular public transport user, get on the bus one stop later than usual, and get off off one stop earlier than usual.

Walking burns calories, reduces anxiety, and strengthens bones

19. Wear sunscreen. 

You don't want skin cancer. And you don't want to look like this

SEE ALSO: THE FAST DIET: Get Thin Quick By Starving Yourself Two Days A Week

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Richard Branson Tells Us The Story Behind His Famous Kitesurfing Photo With A Naked Model

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Richard Branson is famous for his publicity stunts to promote the launch of a business or a project.

He has scaled buildings, flown over the ocean with a hot air balloon, and dressed in drag, among other unusual activities.

But a famous collection of photos by photographer Stephane Gautronneau showing the billionaire kitesurfing with a naked model (Denni Parkinson) on his back in 2009 was not a part of a media campaign.

Watch Branson recount how the photoshoot came about, and what his wife did upon seeing it.

Produced by Justin Gmoser; Additional camera by Daniel Goodman. Originally published in October 2013.

NOW WATCH: Scientists Discovered What Makes Men Attractive

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Take This Handy Test To See How Well You Recognize Faces

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Ever have trouble recognizing people's faces? If so, you're not alone, but some people struggle with face-recognition much more than others.

It's estimated that 2% of the world's population suffers from face blindness, or prosopagnosia, a neurological condition preventing people from recognizing faces. That’s one person in every 50, Radiolab reports.

Although most of us don’t suffer from prosopagnosia, we all struggle with face-recognition in varying degrees. This was demonstrated to audience members at the World Science Festival when they tested their face-recognition abilities with an interactive quiz.

The crowd was shown the faces of 10 celebrities, with their hair blocked out, for 15 seconds each. They were asked to write down the name of each celebrity or, if they couldn’t recall the name, a description of who they are.

Here is one of the faces they were asked to recognize:

face blindness, prosopagnosia, Barack Obama
Here’s another that might be a bit harder:

face blindness, prosopagnosia, Stephen Colbert
By a show of hands, some people in the audience revealed they had only recognized one or two of the celebrities. Only 10 audience members said they had recognized every celebrity.

I took this test and recognized seven of the celebrities. Watch the full video below to take the test yourself and see how many faces you can recognize.

According to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), people with prosopagnosia may be unable to recognize a familiar face, differentiate between unknown faces, or tell the difference between a face and an object. Some people with higher degrees of impairment may even be unable to recognize their own face and the faces of close family and friends.

Prosopagnosia even prevents some people from recognizing the faces of their own children or significant others.

Prosopagnosia may be caused by abnormalities, damage, or impairment in a part of the brain that helps with facial perception and memory, according to NINDS. The condition is not related to memory, vision, or learning disabilities.

Although it can be caused by stroke, brain injury, or neurodegenerative diseases, some healthy people are born with prosopagnosia, which appears to run in families. People with prosopagnosia adapt by relying on other ways to identify people, such as voice, clothing, and distinct physical characteristics.  

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Science Explains Why This Image Disgusts Some People

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Lotus fruit

Does the lotus fruit image above make your skin crawl?

Up to 16% of people (18% of females and 11% of males) become viscerally upset after looking at images of clustered holes, according to the first ever study on the condition known as trypophobia.  These clusters of holes are common in nature, also including honeycombs and clusters of soap bubbles.

One sufferer reports: "[I] can’t really face small, irregularly or asymmetrically placed holes, they make me like, throw up in my mouth, cry a little bit, and shake all over, deeply."

It turns out this strange revulsion could be rooted in biology, according to the study by researchers Geoff Cole and Arnold Wilkins, of the University of Essex, in the journal Psychological Science.

Honey comb

"There may be an ancient evolutionary part of the brain telling people that they are looking at a poisonous animal," Cole said in a press release. The disgust we feel is an evolutionary advantage, even if we don't know it consciously, because it sends people with trypophobia running as far as possible from the holey thing.

To identify this effect, the researchers analyzed images found on trypophobia websites and images of holes that don't trigger trypophobia, looking for differences.

Greater blue-ringed octopusThen, when one of the patients they interviewed mentioned that they also had a fear of the pattern on the poisonous blue-ringed octopus they had what Cole calls a "bit of a Eureka moment."

They collected 10 images of the top 10 poisonous species to run by their trypophobia patients. The species they selected were: the blue-ringed octopus, the box jellyfish, the Brazilian wandering spider, the deathstalker scorpion, the inland taipan snake, the king cobra snake, the marbled cone snail, the poison dart frog, the puffer fish, and the stonefish.

Here are a few images of these species:

Puffer fishYellow poison dart frogMarble Cone SnailBlue Poison dart frogAny of them give you the willies? The researchers found that these poisonous species sometimes have similar, creep-inducing patterns that revolt trypophobes.

"We think that everyone has trypophobic tendencies even though they may not be aware of it," says Cole. "We found that people who don’t have the phobia still rate trypophobic images as less comfortable to look at than other images."

Now, trypophobes, go rub your skin with sandpaper. 

SEE ALSO: 25 Things That Make You Happier

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Here's The Best Strategy To Use To Bet On Craps


These GIFs Of Earth's Natural Phenomena Will Blow Your Mind

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The natural world is full of incredible scenes and events.

And often, still images don't do these phenomena justice. You can only understand their power, movement, and beauty through animation. 

From electric blue ocean waves to spiraling columns of fire, here are some of the planet's most amazing natural occurrences and land formations in GIFs.

Fire devils occur when intense heat brought on by drought combines with rotating air.

These menacing spirals of flame, also known as fire tornadoes, can grow to be more than 150 feet tall, spewing embers and debris into the air. Though typically only lasting a few minutes, the whirls of fire can contribute to the spread of wildfires. 

tornado.gif

Source: NBC Today Show



Brinicles are underwater icicles.

When sea ice melts, it leaves behind brine that is so salty it sinks. A brinicle forms when sea water freezes around the descending salt.

As the underwater icicle moves toward the sea floor, it kills nearly everything in its path by encasing it in ice. A film crew for the BBC was the first to capture this phenomenon on camera.

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Source: Discovery



Bioluminescent red tide, which causes ocean waters in Southern California to glow neon blue at night, is created by single-celled organisms called dinoflagellates.

The organism forms algae blooms, or red tides, that emit electric blue light when disrupted. All it takes is the breaking of a wave or a surfer paddling for the chemical reaction to happen. Although many forms of red tide are toxic, this particular form is harmless to humans.

red tide.gif

 Source: Loghan Call/YouTube



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HOUSE OF THE DAY: Richard Gere Drops The Price On His Hamptons Mansion To $56 Million

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Richard Gere Hamptons Mansion $65 million

Richard Gere has dropped the price of his North Haven mansion in the Hamptons to $56 million, Hamptons.com reports.

Gere first listed the 6.3-acre estate last summer in July for an outrageous $65 million. At the time, we wondered if the 12-bedroom home was actually worth the stunning price-tag.

The property, known as Strongheart Manor, was built in 1902 and comes with two guest houses, an outdoor fireplace pavilion, and a dock that looks out onto the water. 

It's been renovated and expanded to include twelve bedrooms and over 12,000 square feet of space. The home is currently listed through Sotheby's International Realty, which recently added even more high-quality pictures of the mansion to beef up the listing.

The price cut could help Strongheart Manor sell — especially with the new Hamptons season on the horizon — but considering Gere bought the entire property originally for $11.3 million (not including the cost of his subsequent renovation), $56 million still seems awfully steep.

Welcome to Richard Gere's $56 million Strongheart Manor.

Source: Sotheby's International Realty



It sits on over six acres of land and has covetable views of the ocean.

Source: Sotheby's International Realty



Inside, the home has over 12,000 square feet of space inside with six fireplaces.

Source: Sotheby's International Realty



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Check Out Whisper's Supposed New Headquarters In An $11 Million Venice 'Fortress' [PHOTOS]

The Real Story Of Pocahontas Is Much Darker Than The Disney Movie

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Pocahontas

In 1995, Disney introduced children everywhere to a Native American princess married 400 years ago today — Pocahontas. 

The plot goes that Pocahontas, the beautiful daughter of Chief Powhatan, saves English adventurer John Smith from execution when British relations with the "savages" in the New World turned sour. Pocahontas even starts a romance with Smith. They almost sail away to Britain together at the end of the film.

History, however, tells a different and darker tale.

To start, Pocahontas was just a nickname, meaning "the naughty one" or "spoiled child." Matoaka, as the Powhatan Nation's website calls her, was taken prisoner at age 17 while on a social visit to the Jamestown colonists. They held her hostage there for more than a year. 

Matoaka had met Smith before her captivity, but sparks didn't fly between them. Actually, Rolfe — a cocky character in Disney's second film — showed special interest in Matoaka. As a condition of her release, she agreed to marry him. On April 5, 1614, Matoaka became Rebecca Rolfe, and she soon had a son named Thomas. In 1616, the family, nicknamed the "Red Rolfes," returned to England, where she was something of a celebrity.

When Matoaka and Rolfe tried to return to Virginia in 1617, she, for whatever reason, left the ship at Gravesend in England. That same year, she died there at age 21. 

"It is unfortunate that this sad story, which Euro-Americans should find embarrassing, Disney makes 'entertainment' and perpetuates a dishonest and self-serving myth at the expense of the Powhatan Nation," Chief Roy Crazy Horse writes.

On top of that, controversy also arises about whether or not Matoaka saved John Smith. 

When Smith first wrote about his experiences with the Powhatan people (in two letters in 1607 and 1612), he characterized his time there as rather nice and never mentioned Matoaka saving his life.

But in his book, "General Historie of Virginia," published in 1624, Smith mentioned that Powhatan had tried to stone him to death, but Matoaka threw herself in the way to save him:

[T]wo great stones were brought before Powhatan: then as many as could layd hands on him [Smith], dragged him to them, and thereon laid his head, and being ready with their clubs, to beate out his braines, Pocahontas the Kings dearest daughter, when no intreaty could prevaile, got his head in her armes, and laid her owne vpon his to saue him from death.

Skeptics find it odd that Smith wouldn't write about the occurrence until 17 years later and after Matoaka's death, when Europe started to take notice of her story. Indeed, the prevailing viewpoint is that Matoaka's self-sacrifice never happened.

Research from J.A. Leo Lemay, an English professor at the University of Delaware, however, makes the opposite case. As one of the first to fully analyze all the historical evidence, he found we have little reason to consider Smith's later writing as untruthful. Some scholars might have even had political motivations for poking holes in his claims. On top of that, similar occurrences in other Native American tribes suggest that the attempted execution was a ritual to allow outside members into tribes.

But other accounts show the Matoaka and Smith didn't have the special relationship Smith claimed. According to the Powhatan Nation, Matoaka disliked Smith, and when she saw him in London, she refused to speak to him and called him a liar.

The debate continues about whether "Pocahontas" truly saved John Smith, but we do know she never married him, as the film implies. She instead spent her short life, which ended in tragedy, with John Rolfe — a man who didn't even appear in Disney's first storyline. 

SEE ALSO: 14 Historical "Facts" That Are Completely False

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New York Bar Serves Crass 'Flight 370' Cocktail

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Amid the looming search for the missing Malaysia Airlines jetliner that disappeared nearly a month ago, a 'cocktail temple' in New York's Nolita area is serving up a "Flight 370" cocktail — and no, it's not for charity.

I was a patron of Mother's Ruin last week and inquired about the $13 cocktail — a mixture of gin, lemon, aperol, and grapefruit bitters — clearly posted behind the bar.

"We change our drinks up every other day. We added that one [Flight 370] to our menu on Monday," a male bartender told me.

Just a week after the Malaysian Prime Minister said "beyond any doubt" everyone onboard Flight 370 had perished, the drink was apparently added to the menu.

Co-owners T.J. Lynch and Richard Knapp opened Mother's Ruin three years ago and both have expansive backgrounds in the hospitality industry.

According to Knapps' resume uploaded to Shakestir.com, he is "a devotee of the cocktail."

Also noted on his resume, "Richard’s passion for spirits lies in the belief that when mixed in good company, a drink can become more than the sum of its parts, that it can become a communal experience to be shared and remembered.

Mother's Ruin management did not respond to multiple requests for comment from Business Insider.

flight370 cocktail

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Tour The Incredible Gallery With All Of President George W. Bush's Paintings

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While we got our first glimpse Friday of some of the 24 paintings former President George W. Bush would be displaying at his presidential library in Dallas, Texas, Reuters photographer Brandon Wade has now snapped some pictures of many more.

Bush, who took up painting as a hobby after he left office, is showing off his collection at the George Bush Presidential Library and Museum in an exhibit titled "The Art of Leadership: A President's Personal Diplomacy." 

Inside the exhibit, which opened on Saturday, are 24 portraits of world leaders — all of whom, Bush says, have never seen them before.

Take a look: 

Visitors are first greeted with a self-portrait of Bush himself, along with one of his father and 41st President George H. W. Bush. 

bush paintings gallery

Then there's one of Russian President Vladimir Putin, who Bush described on the Today Show as a "person who in many ways viewed America as an enemy. I tried, of course, to dispel him of that notion."RTR3JYUR

And another of Putin's portrait, which is surrounded by photographs of the two world leaders together.RTR3JZ5ZHere's one of Afghan President Hamid Karzai.RTR3JZ3H

Each portrait has photographs and other memorabilia or gifts to accompany them.RTR3JZ6H

This is former Australian President John Howard.RTR3JZ7T

The Dalai Lama:RTR3JZ8B

Another photographer caught this wall with four portraits, displaying (clockwise from top left) Latvia's former president Vaira Vike-Freiberga, Ghana's former president John Kufuor, France's former president Jacques Chirac and Nigeria's former president Olusegun Obasanjo.RTR3JZ16

Here's former Czech President Vaclav Havel, above a signed note and gift.RTR3JZ26This portrait is of former Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi.RTR3JZ74

The portrait of former British Prime Minister Tony Blair is surrounded by photos of their various meetings. Bush said his portrait conveyed a strong and "passionate" person and a "reliable friend."RTR3JZC6Saudi Arabia's King Abdullah is seen here.RTR3JZCGAnd German Chancellor Angela Merkel:RTR3JZD3Another wall displays four different world leaders, including (clockwise from top-left) Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper, Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, former French President (2007-2012) Nicolas Sarkozy and former South Korean President (2008-2013) Lee Myung-bak.RTR3JZFDHere's former Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert.RTR3JZGJAnd Liberia's President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf.RTR3JZGY

This wide shot shows many more paintings.RTR3JZH5And finally, it's a portrait of former Colombian President Alvaro Uribe Velez.RTR3K05S

SEE ALSO: Here's George W. Bush Showing Off Some New Paintings To Jay Leno

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Forget Gambling And Clubs — Las Vegas Is A Foodies' Paradise


We Found A Standing Desk That's Both Automatic And Affordable

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stand desk standing desk

We finally found the standing desk that has everything and won't destroy your wallet.

Billed as the "most affordable automatic standing desk," Stand Desk has launched a Kickstarter campaign to get its product out to the market.

Already, 209 people have pledged $84,608 to the project.

It has an impressive array of features: Standard up and down controls (or deluxe memory control system), a number of different surface types and colors, and cable management in the back. But perhaps what's most impressive is the price: $399.

Standing desks of this caliber typically range anywhere from $700 all the way up to $4,000.

"[The] 'traditional' sit-to-stand desks are designed way more complicated than they should be," said Steven Yu, in an email to Business Insider. "I just simplified everything while finding the perfect balance between function, quality, and price."

The benefits of standing desks in general are noteworthy, with increased productivity, energy, and reduced lower back pain. A January article in The Washington Post even showed plenty of the health hazards to sitting.

Back pain, and more specifically, a motorcycle accident, was what pushed founder Steven Yu to create the product.

"After my motorcycle accident, I wanted a natural solution for my back pain," he told us. "But I didn’t want to spend thousands of dollars for an automatic standing desk."

Yu teamed up with a number of people that provided help and testing, to include Dr. Joan Vernikos, former Life Sciences Director at NASA, Dave Asprey, CEO of Bulletproof Executive, Bing Howenstien, CEO of Backjoy, and Robert Yung, former CTO of Intel and Oracle.

Here's the result:

Meet StandDesk! from steven on Vimeo.

SEE ALSO: Sitting at work is deadly, so we tried a treadmill desk

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Here's How Much Juice You Have To Drink To Make It Worth Buying Your Own $450 Vitamix Blender

Here Are The Most Ridiculous Laws In Every State

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clown cop

We've all heard urban legends and rumors about absurd laws in America, but you can't believe everything you read on the Internet.

Sites like dumblaws.com— which rarely link to states' current statutes or may misinterpret them — only perpetuate the myths.

We decided to undertake some legal legwork and identify the strangest statute still on the books in every state.

Many of these laws make sense, such as a ban on guiding sheep onto a train track. But the fact that states have to spell out laws like that might make you scratch your head.

Alabama

Alabama residents commit unlawful bear exploitation if they purchase, possess, or train a bear for the purpose of bear wrestling. It's a Class B felony, punishable by a fine, confiscation of the bear, and restitution to a humane society for animals.

Apparently, man versus bear wrestling took hold in the early 1800s — a byproduct of Greco-Roman displays of masculinity.

Alaska

A person cannot get drunk in a bar and remain on the premises. (Kind of defeats the purpose of a bar, doesn't it?) The statute states an intoxicated person may not "knowingly" enter or camp out where alcohol is sold — so maybe if you're inebriated enough, you can get away with it.

In 2012, police in Alaska reportedly started aggressively enforcing the law, sending plainclothes officers to bars to identify and arrest suspects.

Arizona

No one can feed garbage to pigs without first obtaining a permit, which requires annual renewal. You can, however, swap out the trough for a waste basket if the swine are raised for your own consumption.

Arkansas

A pinball machine can't give more than 25 free games to a player who continues to win. Some restaurant-gaming chains — like Chuck E. Cheese— are exempt from certain anti-gambling statutes because they award free games, toys, and novelties that don't constitute an exchange of "valuable things."

California

A frog that dies during a frog-jumping contest can't be eaten.

This health code likely made its way into the books to protect competitors at the Calaveras County Fair and Frog Jumping Jubilee, an 80-year-old tradition in the gold mining town of Angels Camp. Each year, tourists and experienced jockeys compete to see how far their bullfrogs can leap.

Colorado

You have to get a permit to modify the weather. Weather modification is not only possible, but it's actually a lucrative business.

In select states, it's legal to perform activities that produce artificial changes in the composition or behavior of the atmosphere — such as burning silver iodide, which carries into the clouds to stimulate rain.

The permit requirement ensures minimal harm to the land and maximum benefit to the people.

Connecticut

In Connecticut, letting other people copy your academic work isn't just a no-no in school — it's also illegal. The general statutes explicitly prohibit selling a term paper, essay, dissertation, etc. at any education facility supervised by the state.

The punishment isn't specified, but it's probably more than detention.

Delaware

It's a Class B misdemeanor to sell, barter, or offer the fur of a domestic dog or cat. Any products made in whole or in part from the hair, say a coat of 101 Dalmatians, also result in a fine of $2,500 and a ban on owning a dog or cat for 15 years after conviction.

Florida

Owners of commercial establishments where alcohol is sold may be fined up to $1,000 if they participate in or permit any contest of dwarf-tossing. In 1989, Florida outlawed this Australian bar fad of tossing little people when it caught on in southern parts of the state.

A Florida state legislator tried to repeal the law in 2011 but wasn't successful.

Georgia

Those engaging in llama-related activities, such as riding, training, or goofing around at a county fair or performance, are accountable for any and all personal injuries incurred. The "llama professional" is immune from liability for harm or death with few exceptions.

Injured participants have a shot in court if they were just spectating from an authorized area.

Hawaii

Billboards have no place in paradise. They're outlawed in the state with just 18 exceptions.

The "urban beautification" initiative dates back to 1927, when an all-white circle of Hawaii's power wives created the Outdoor Circle Club and lobbied for the ban. Today, the group exists as a watchdog on ever-threatening, jumbo-size advertisements.

Idaho

Cannibalism is strictly prohibited and punishable by up to 14 years in prison in Idaho. But it's okay to "willfully ingest the flesh or blood of a human being" in life-or-death situations, if it's the only apparent means or survival.

The only state to declare cannibalism illegal, Idaho erected the ban in 1990 as a reaction to spreading fear that eating humans would pop-up in ritualized practices.

Illinois

Urban legend says it's a crime to possess more than $600 worth of salamanders. (That's 75-plus salamanders, according to fair market value.) In reality, it's illegal to keep any variety of aquatic life in excess of $600 in Illinois if it was captured or killed in violation of the state's law.

Indiana

Liquor stores can't sell cooled water or soda, but they can sell uncooled soda. In fact, they can't sell milk either. The code specifically lists what types of beverages (and at what temperatures) permit-holding businesses can have in stock.

Iowa

Anyone trying to pass off margarine (or oleo or oleomargarine) as real butter is guilty of a misdemeanor. The great butter vs. margarine battle rages on though, so we understand Iowa's desire for transparency.

Kansas

Liquor may not be sold by the glass in 26 counties. In Kansas — a state that outlawed alcohol sales until 1948, a full 15 years after Congress repealed Prohibition — individual counties may, by resolution or petition, prohibit the sale of booze in public places where 30% or less of their gross comes from the sale of food.

There's no place like home to get tipsy.

Kentucky

Every legislator, public officer, and lawyer must take an oath stating that they have not fought a duel with deadly weapons. When it entered the Kentucky Constitution in 1849, the law was meant to deter men who might aspire to public office from participating in the once-rampant Southern tradition.

Some evidence suggests, however, that trial-by-combat might technically be legal on a federal level even today.

Louisiana

Jambalaya prepared in "the traditional manner" is not subject to typical sanitation regulations.

According to the public health and safety codes, this Creole stir-fry, made with rice, meat, and vegetables, may be prepared for public consumption in the open, using iron pots and wood fires.

Maine

An early version of the chance game of Bingo, called Beano, is legally regulated in this New England state. The legal rules dictate that a person conducting or assisting in the conduct of the game may assist players by playing their cards while they take a restroom break.

This allowance does not apply in high-stakes Beano, which apparently, is also a thing.

Maryland

A person who sells non-latex condoms by means of a vending machine is guilty of a misdemeanor and subject to a fine up to $1,000.

Massachusetts

Whether you're in Gillette Stadium or Fenway Park, you'll probably never hear just half of the "Star Spangled Banner." Singing or playing the national anthem other than as a whole and separate composition is punishable by a fine no more than $100.

You'll pay the same price for dancing (at all) to it, too.

Michigan

A statute on the books since 1931 makes adultery a felony— punishable by a maximum of four years in prison and a $5,000 fine.

In 2012, Portage police Sgt. James Myers was fired for on-the-job misconduct, including allegedly cheating on his wife and furthering a relationship with a local waitress using a city-issued cellphone and email account while on the clock. He was neither fined nor imprisoned, suggesting Michigan doesn't take the law too seriously.

Minnesota

In Minnesota, any game in which participants attempt to capture a greased or oiled pig is illegal. The same laws also prohibits turkey scrambles. Let's assume legislators were more concerned with animal cruelty than human stupidity.

Mississippi

Using profanity in front of two or more persons in a public place might land you in the county jail for up to 30 days. Or you could pay a hefty fine to the state swear jar, no more than $100.

While this law appears to be a direct assault on the First Amendment, it's thought to have been conceived in order to protect the public.

Missouri

If any bull or ram over the age of 1 year old runs rampant for more than three days, any person may castrate the animal without assuming liability for damage. Three town residents must attest in writing that the animal is loose, and its owner must fail to reclaim or confine the beast after notice is given.

Montana

Guiding sheep onto a railroad track with intent to injure the train, not the sheep, can stick you with a whopping fine up to $50,000 and a stay at the state prison not exceeding five years. The locomotive corporation or owners of the railroad must be harmed, in addition to Dolly and friends.

Nebraska

No person who is afflicted with a venereal disease can marry. While it's nearly impossible to enforce, this health code could prevent marital bliss for more than 8,000 Nebraskans who reported cases of chlamydia or gonorrhea to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 2012.

Nevada

In the only state where prostitution won't get you arrested in most counties, using x-rays to determine shoe size could. That may sound strange, but a device with that exact purpose actually exists: a shoe-fitting fluoroscope also known as a pedoscope or foot-o-scope.

With the knowledge that exposure to radiation harms people in awful ways, this practice went by the wayside. But at one point, the state had to spell it out. Anyone who didn't get the message is guilty of a misdemeanor.

New Hampshire

As of 1973, it's illegal to carry away or collect seaweed at night. Breaking most of the general provisions about fish and game will land you a "violation" — with an unspecified punishment.

Seaweed is routinely used in fertilizer and animal feed. It's also considered a good source of alginate, which gives liquid solutions a thicker texture (think Jell-O). Just last year, Maine and its fisherman grappled over a similar set of regulations.

New Jersey

In the Garden State, anyone wearing a "body vest" a.k.a. bullet-proof armor while committing murder, manslaughter, robbery, sexual assault, etc. is guilty of another crime.

And attempting to flee while wearing this unlawful piece of clothing, after committing the initial act, bumps up the crime from third-degree to second- or first-degree.

New Mexico

As stated in the New Mexico Constitution, "idiots" can't vote in state elections. Traditionally, the word "idiot" has referred to someone (rather politically incorrectly) mentally disabled or with an IQ below 30.

But read the comments section on any website, and you'll see the term is more loosely applied now. The vagueness in these statutes could cause problems someday.

Currently, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Ohio uphold the same idea in their constitutions. Even if you have a mental disability though, if you understand what voting means, federal law protects your right to cast a ballot, according to the National Alliance on Mental Illness.

New York

It's unlawful for three or more people wearing masks to gather in public for a demonstration or a march. Originally enacted in 1845, it entered the books when local tenant farmers disguised themselves as Native American and attacked and killed their landlords.

The law includes exceptions for masquerade parties and similar events.

North Carolina

For certain organizations in North Carolina, bingo games can last only up to five hours. The state's administrative code even contains a few more explicit restrictions on the game: only one in a 48-hour period and no more than a $500 prize.

Our best guess as to the motivation behind this law? Retirement homes needed to crack down on geriatric bingo sharks.

North Dakota

All members of North Dakota's Dry Pea and Lentil Councilmust be citizens. The organization was created in 1997 to to promote the dry pea, lentil, chickpeas, lupins, and fava bean industries, and the legislature clearly didn't want someone with just a green card wielding all that power.

A national version of the Dry Pea and Lentil Council also exists. But North Dakota obviously decided it needed a more state-focused group.

Ohio

Every operator of an underground coal mine must provide "adequate supply" of toilet paper with each toilet. This law clearly makes sense, but the fact that it exists at all raises some questions about basic human decency.

Oklahoma

According to the most recently updated version of the Oklahoma statutes in 2013, McCarthyism is alive and well. We quote:

"It is here now found and declared to be a fact that there exists an International Communist conspiracy which is committed to the overthrow of the government of the United States and of the several states, including that of the State of Oklahoma, by force or violence ..."

Oregon

In Oregon, leaving a container of urine or fecal matter on the side of the road is a Class A misdemeanor. And you can't throw it from the vehicle either. Again, we understand the logic. But who tried to leave urine or excrement on the side of the road in the first place?

Pennsylvania

Human trafficking in general violates too many international laws to count. But Pennsylvania felt the need to specify that you can't barter a baby.

But if you do find yourself swapping goods or services for your precious bundle, it's only a misdemeanor, which is usually punished less harshly than felonies.

Rhode Island

Rhode Islanders who bite off someone else's limb will face no more than 20 years in prison (but no less than one) — but only if they maimed the victim on purpose.

If you fall and your teeth accidentally dismember somebody, you will have a legitimate defense. Don't worry. 

South Carolina

A male over the age of the 16 can't seduce a woman by falsely promising to marry her. If found guilty, he'll be charged with a misdemeanor, fined at the court's discretion, and/or imprisoned for no longer than one year — with a decent number of exceptions.

For example, if the woman was already married or considered "lewd" or "unchaste" (which the law doesn't define), the court can't convict the male of the misdemeanor. The offender will also walk if no one can corroborate the woman's testimony. And no one law exists with the gender roles reversed.

South Dakota

Agricultural producers may set off fireworks and other explosives to safeguard their sunflower crops. Crows and other birds can wreak havoc on a blossoming field, and pyrotechnics are farmers' first defense — so long as they're not used within 600 feet of an occupied home, church, or schoolhouse.

Tennessee

In Tennessee, you can't hunt, trap, or harm an albino deer intentionally. If you do, the fish and wildlife commission will hand you with a Class C misdemeanor (punishable by fine only.)

"White deer," as people often call these mammalian anomalies, are extremely rare. Only about one in every 30,000 deer is born albino. Some even consider the animal the modern unicorn and believe it has magical powers.

Texas

In Texas, people wishing to run for office must acknowledge the "Supreme Being." If not, they could be subjected to religious tests. In other words: no atheists allowed.

Utah

In Utah, no one may hurl a missile at a bus or bus terminal— except "elected or appointed peace officers" or "commercial security personnel." Any one outside those positions is guilty of a third-degree felony.

Vermont

The Vermont legislature created a law that prohibits outlawing clotheslines— proof that governments don't always abuse their powers. The same statute also states that no law can ban solar collectors, listing both items as "energy devices based on renewable resources."

Virginia

Except for married couples, sex is completely banned in Virginia. No matter your age or your partner's, breaking this law results in a Class 4 misdemeanor.

Washington

Doors to nearly all public buildings must open outwardly. Anyone who violates this will face a misdemeanor charge. The statute does explain why though: to avoid congestion during emergencies, like fires.

West Virginia

Don't attempt to substitute a hunting dog for a ferret in West Virginia. Anyone who hunts, catches, takes, kills, injures, or pursues a wild animal or bird with a ferret will face a fine of no less than $100 (but no more than $500) and no less than 10 (but no more than 100) days in jail.

Wisconsin

Not to stereotype, but in Wisconsin (also known as America's Dairyland), many different kind of state-certified cheeses (Muenster, cheddar, Colby, Monterey Jack) must be "highly pleasing."

Wyoming

In Wyoming, you can't "cut, sever, detach, or mutilate" more than one-half of a sheep's ear. Violations are felony offenses, punishable by up to five years in prison.

But less than one-half? Totally fine. And if the sale document or title approves said mutilation, go ahead then.

SEE ALSO: Here's What All 50 State Names Actually Mean

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