Every spring more than 70 countries around the world turn their clocks an hour ahead for daylight-saving time. If billions of people are literally shifting time twice a year, there must be a pretty good reason why we're doing it, right? Not necessarily. 

Alex Kuzoian contributed reporting on a previous version of this article.

Follow BI Video: On Twitter

Join the conversation about this story »

When deciding where to go to college, location can matter just as much as academics. Factors like safety, job opportunities, and cultural vibrancy can elevate — or detract from — the college experience.

Niche, a company that researches and compiles information on cities, recently named the best college towns in America, focusing on the overall livability of places where undergraduates from a top-250 college make up at least 10% of the town's overall population.

To determine "livability," Niche narrowed in on each city's cost of living, public-school quality, the percentage of residents who hold at least a bachelor's degree, and the overall strength of the area's real-estate market. Niche also factored in things like diversity, crime rates, and access to amenities. You can read a detailed breakdown of the methodology here.

From the homes of big state schools to small towns housing tiny private schools, here are the 30 best places to live while you're earning that degree.

SEE ALSO: The best suburb in every state

DON'T MISS: 25 beautiful US cities to live in if you love spending time outdoors

30. Golden, Colorado — home to Colorado School of Mines

Population: 19,759

Cost of living: C-

Median rent: $947

Nightlife: A+

"The community is great, and it is growing quickly," one resident said. "Places are consistently looking to hire in town. It is also a relatively short drive in to Denver, so there are plenty of places to work."

Leisure activities are abundant as well. 

"There are block parties all summer long, you can tube on the river, the breweries are great, and people are friendly," another resident said. "What's not to love?"

29. Carlisle, Pennsylvania — home to Dickinson College

Population: 18,877

Cost of living: C+

Median rent: $776

Nightlife: A

"School is important to the people here, and because we live in a small community, it is easy to find someone you know in every store you walk in," one resident said. "Living in a small town is actually an adventure to me."

28. Northfield, Minnesota — home to Carleton College and St. Olaf College

Population: 20,303

Cost of living: B-

Median rent: $730

Nightlife: B+

"Northfield is repeatedly ranked as one of the best small cities in America, and between its two liberal arts colleges, politically active youth, and historic feel, it is a quirky and raw place to grow up," a lifelong resident shared. 

Current World Chess Champion Magus Carlsen of Norway will defend his title against a new challenger, Russia's Sergey Karjakin, in New York City starting on November 11, with games running through November 30, if needed.

It's the first time a championship has been contested in New York since 1995, when then World Champion Garry Kasparov took on Viswanathan Anand.

Kasparov won that match, which was held under the auspices of the Profesional Chess Association, a short-lived breakaway entity formed by Kasparov and other players frustrated with the organization of major-league chess. (The "split" title was later reunified.)

But Anand would go on to capture the title five times — and face Carlsen in the last two WCCs.

The big disappointment for the US this time around is that in the 2016 Candidates Tournament, held to determine Carlsen's opponent for the WCC, not one but two Americans were in the running: Hikaru Nakamura and Fabiano Caruana.

Caruana brought it right down to the wire, losing a must-win match against Karjakin and in the process putting the Russian opposite Carlsen to fight for the 2016 title. A big missed opportunity, given that Caruana has posted good results against Carlsen and has often been discussed as a potential World Champion. But Caruna didn't dwell on the critical loss; he came back to the US from Moscow to win the US Championship in convincing fashion.

I talked to him briefly this summer before the Sinquefield Cup, a top professional even held annually at the Chess Club and Scholastic Center of St. Louis, which has become the Yankee Stadium of American chess.

"It didn’t work out," he said of his effort at the Candidates, deploying the easygoing humility for which he has become known in the edgy and at times cutthroat world of big-time pro chess.

Although Caruana did go almost all the way, he admitted that he "wasn’t prepared well enough before the Candidates Tournament."

"I needed more stamina," he said.

The show must go on, and Karjakin — the world's No. 9-ranked player with a rating of 2772 — at 26 is the youngest opponent Carlsen, 25, has faced for a title challenge (Anand was in his 40s). Carlsen is the No. 1 player in the world, with a rating of 2853. By that tale of the tape, Kajakin should lose, but he does have a decent record against Carlsen, and the two men grew up playing against each other.

"Magnus is a little bit slow in the beginnings," said Ilya Merenzon, CEO of Agon, the company that's organizing the 2016 WCC for the game's governing body, FIDE.

"Sergey will try to beat him in the opening, then hold on for dear life. Expect some fireworks. Both players will try to come up with really cool openings." (Openings are the deeply studied first moves in a chess match.)

Merenzon added that Karjakin has the entire Russian chess machine behind him — and it is a formidable apparatus.

"The top players in the world are going to working with him. It’s an arms race now, and I know how big the teams are — they're massive."

The match will consist of a planned 12 games (with tie-breaks thereafter) and be held at the Fulton Market in the South Street Seaport. According to Merenzon, there will be VIP access for the live event, alongside regular ticketing, but there will also be some innovative online broadcast options, including multiple cameras and virtual reality.

The idea is to take a sport that's difficult to watch and understand — WCC-level games can consume many hours, during which time spectators are watching the players silently think — and transform it into something more thrilling.

Merenzon stressed that the organizers want to increase the "drama and intensity" so that the WCC feels like a major sporting event — like the "most important thing in the world," he said.

"We’re taking from boxing and from entertainment," he said. "It’s going to be a show — it’s going to be emotions."

Agon's broadcast deal is exclusive and restricts access to the actual moves of the game for a defined period of time, a controversial policy, but one that the chess world was introduced to before the Candidates.

The cost for the WCC package will be $15 for whole match, "less than a movie," Merenzon said.

The preparation of the venue will come down to the wire. A WCC requires a very specific arrangement for players and spectators, and according to Merenzon, that means the work, costing $2 million, will be completed "very last minute — a couple of days before the event."

That said, Carlsen and his entourage have already checked out the space and, Merenzon said, approved of it. As far as notable fans go, Mark Zuckerberg and Bill Gates are reportedly planning to be in New York for the match.

New York is a great chess city, going back over a century and running right through the difficult career of the last American World Champion, Bobby Fischer, who grew up in Brooklyn. The 1995 Kasparov-Anand showdown was held at the World Trade Center, so it's appropriate that the 2016 match will be held nearby, in lower Manhattan.

There is a whiff of the old Cold War tension as well. Carlsen is the first World Champion from the West since Fischer, and Karjakin was in favor of Russian annexation of the Crimea in 2014, The Guardian reported. The prize money is significant as well, if a bit fuzzy. It should be something like $1 million.

Join the conversation about this story »

NOW WATCH: Here's why we should just scrap daylight-saving time already

With the New York City Marathon this weekend, thousands of runners are prepping to conquer the 26.2 miles of streets. Mile High Run Club coach John Henwood discusses what you should eat before and after the big run.

Follow BI Video: On Twitter

Join the conversation about this story »

sex - quarrels = x

x > 0 = happy marriage

x < 0 = unhappy marriage

In other words, you should be having sex more often than you quarrel.

The formula was derived from a series of studies in the 1970s. One unpublished study of married students at University of Missouri-Kansas City found that 28 out of 30 self-described happy couples had sex more than they argued, while all 12 self-described unhappy couples argued more. These results were corroborated by a 1974 study by John Howard and Robyn Dawes, in which all 23 happy couples had a positive score and all 3 unhappy couples had a negative score. Two1977 studies offered further confirmation of this idea. 

Now it's worth noting that these studies are a few decades old and relied on very small sample sizes, though many of their conclusions square with more recent research. Also, college-aged students who are married are not necessarily an accurate representation of all married couples, and perhaps sex is less important at some stages of some relationships.

Still, it remains a powerful and useful concept.

We came across this formula in "Thinking, Fast And Slow," the 2011 book by Nobel laureate psychologist Daniel Kahneman, in a discussion of the value of simple formulas.

SEE ALSO: Scientists have found a surprising key to happy relationships

Join the conversation about this story »

NOW WATCH: How much sex you should be having in a healthy relationship

UK based Superdrug Online Doctor hired female graphic designers in 18 countries to retouch the same portrait of a woman to become more attractive to their culture. The shocking responses show the dramatic differences in how different countries perceive beauty.

Follow TI: On Facebook

Join the conversation about this story »

Next year marks the 10-year anniversary of the iPhone, and all rumors are pointing to a radical redesign.

This month, there was a pretty considerable spill of information by a top industry executive regarding two new features. We also saw rumors about a a third model with a new screen size, as well as some current rumors reinforced by fresh leaks.

Check out the latest rumors surrounding Apple's next NEXT iPhone.

SEE ALSO: Here's why you should always hold your iPhone in your right hand when making a call

This will not be an "S" model of the iPhone 7.

MacRumors spotted a report from an analyst at Barclay's that claims Apple will skip the "S" model this year, which has historically followed each new phone version, and jump directly from the iPhone 7 to the iPhone 8, or possibly "10," in 2017.

Since 2017 marks the iPhone's 10th anniversary, it wouldn't be surprising if Apple does something special to mark the anniversary of its most important product.

The front surface will be all display with no borders or bezels.

Rumors that the iPhone 10 will have an all-display front surface first emerged from John Gruber, the plugged-in Apple blogger and podcaster from Daring Fireball.

Gruber claims he has heard insider scuttlebutt that the iPhone 10's front won't have any bezels or borders, and that it'll be one large display.

It will mostly be made of glass with an aluminum frame.

A report from Apple analyst Ming Chi Kuo, who often accurately predicts new Apple products and features, says that the iPhone 10's body will be made of glass. If so, it could have a similar aesthetic as the iPhone 4 and 4s, both of which had a glass back.

A recent report from Japanese news site Nikkei claims that Apple is, indeed, ditching the metal back design for an all-glass back and metal frame.

See story here.

Join the conversation about this story »

NOW WATCH: Ex-Wells Fargo employees reveal how some bankers abused customers

By all accounts, Eddie Redmayne is killing it. But we're not talking about his numerous acting awards, including the Best Actor Oscar he won in 2015. 

No, we're talking about his style game. It's so off-the-charts incredible, we named him the most stylish guy in the world right now.

What makes him so stylish? It comes down to two things: he pays attention to how his garments fit him, and he knows exactly how good he looks.

SEE ALSO: The 16 most stylish guys on the planet

DON'T MISS: If you're going to let your beard grow out, here's the most important thing to remember

Basically, it all comes down to this: there isn't anyone else around that can wear suits as well as he does. And it's not like he has just one suit that fits him really well and he wears it all the time.

No, the man has a closet full of suits of every color, shape, style, and texture. He's worn velvet suits and tuxedos in every color, and he's rocked them all. Miraculously, they all fit him like they were born to hug his slender 5'11" frame.

Redmayne has spoken to his love of tailoring and suits, telling Men's Health that he's "always worn suits," so he "always felt at ease in them." The same goes for Redmayne's incredible tuxedo ensembles seen at award shows.

Source: Men's Health

Chef and "Appetites" author Anthony Bourdain explains how to cook the perfect steak — and reveals the biggest mistakes people make when cooking meat.

Follow Tech Insider: On Facebook

Join the conversation about this story »

Nearly half of Americans say they have tried marijuana at least once in their life.

With more people lighting up than ever (and nine states voting on the legalization of marijuana on Election Day), it's important to remember how many fatally overdose on the drug.

Zip. Zero. That's accordingto the National Institute on Drug Abuse, which collects data on a range of other substances, both legal and illicit, and the Drug Enforcement Administration.

For comparison, opioids, which include prescription pain relievers and heroin, killed more than 28,000 Americans in 2014. Nearly 88,000 people die from alcohol-related causes every year, which makes alcohol the fourth leading preventable cause of the death in the US.

It's pretty impossible to ingest a lethal dose of marijuana.

David Schmader, author of "Weed: The User's Guide," spoke with experts and crunched the numbers on how much bud it would take to kill someone.

"Even aspirin can kill you if you take too much, but a fatal dose of marijuana would require ingestion of fifteen hundred pounds in fifteen minutes — a physical impossibility for any human, even Snoop Dogg," Schmader writes in his book.

This handy diagram from "Weed: The User's Guide" might help:

One reason for this impossibility is the way the brain works. When a user ingests marijuana, chemicals in the plant ride the nervous system to the brain and latch onto molecules called cannabinoid receptors. Those little holding cells influence pleasure, memory, coordination, and cognition, among other functions, which is why getting high affects thinking and behavior.

Cannabinoid receptors are not found in the brainstem areas that control breathing. Thus, "lethal overdoses from cannabis and cannabinoids do not occur," The National Cancer Institute explains.

Marijuana isn't harmless, however. The psychoactive ingredient that gets users high, tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC, is a powerful intoxicant. Having physical abilities and judgments impaired can lead users to put themselves in unsafe situations.

And while there are no recorded cases of deaths from marijuana overdose, one bong rip too many can make users feel incredibly uncomfortable. Their heart starts to race, hands tremble, and anxiety strikes. There are things they can do to mitigate a "What I have done?" high.

In his book, Schmader recommends users tell themselves that they're in no real danger.

Drink some water to stay hydrated and eat a snack — preferably one that is ready-to-eat and does not require operating a stove — to boost your blood sugar. Call up a trusted friend, Schmader says, or Google search "Maureen Dowd Colorado" to feel less alone.

SEE ALSO: An ex-Facebook employee quit his job to start a marijuana-infused gum company

Join the conversation about this story »

NOW WATCH: 4 tips for people smoking marijuana for the first time

.

Join the conversation about this story »

NOW WATCH: Here’s what happens when interest rates go negative

Psychologists call it "thin slicing."

Within moments of meeting you, people decide all sorts of things about you, from status to intelligence to conscientiousness.

Career experts say it takes just three seconds for someone to determine whether they like you and want to do business with you.

Fortunately, you have some control over the way others see you. For example, wearing tailored clothes and looking your conversation partner in the eye will generally create a more positive impression. But as for how aggressive you seem? That's largely determined by your facial structure.

Here, we've rounded up 13 assumptions people make about you — sometimes accurate and sometimes less so — based on first impressions. Read on to find out what signals you might be giving off.

Drake Baer contributed reporting on a previous version of this article.

SEE ALSO: How to make people like you in 4 seconds or less

If you're trustworthy

People may decide on your trustworthiness in as little as a tenth of a second.

Princeton researchers found this out by giving one group of 245 university students 100 milliseconds to rate the attractiveness, competence, likability, aggressiveness, and trustworthiness of actors' faces.

One hundred and twenty-eight members of another group were able to take as long as they wanted. Results showed that ratings of trustworthiness were highly similar between the two groups — even more similar than ratings of attractiveness — suggesting that we figure out almost instantaneously if we can trust someone.

If you're high-status

A small Dutch study found that people wearing name-brand clothes — Lacoste and Tommy Hilfiger, to be precise — were seen as higher status and wealthier than folks wearing nondesigner clothes when they approached 80 shoppers in a mall.

"Perceptions did not differ on any of the other dimensions that might affect the outcome of social interactions," the authors wrote. "There were no differences in perceived attractiveness, kindness, and trustworthiness."

Just status and wealth.

If you're smart

A 2007 study led by Nora A. Murphy, a professor at Loyola Marymount University, found that looking your conversation partner in the eye might help encourage people to see you as more intelligent.

For the study, 182 college students were asked to discuss an assigned topic in pairs for five minutes. Partners then rated each other on how smart they seemed. Results showed that people were perceived as more intelligent when they held their partner's gaze while talking.

"Looking while speaking was a key behavior," she wrote.

Wearing thick glasses and speaking expressively could help, too.

How is it that Donald Trump only gets a reported 4 hours of sleep each night? Especially with all the stress he must be under during this election cycle? Or better yet, how is it that Leonardo Da Vinci only slept in 20 minute spans every four hours? The "Sleepless Elite" usually tout their lack of snoozing as the key to their success. But putting aside the fact that these individuals may have the short sleeper gene mutation which allows for this, the average person still needs the proper amount of sleep just to function. So, here's why you shouldn't ascribe to this school of sleep deprivation. 

Follow Tech Insider: On Facebook

Join the conversation about this story »

Tony Robbins, best-selling author of "Money: Master The Game," reveals what you need to do in your 20s to have a better quality of life in your 30s. 

Follow BI Video: On Twitter

Join the conversation about this story »

Click here for the post >

Join the conversation about this story »

Most of us know (and love) M&M's — those tiny, colorful chocolates that "melt in your mouth, not in your hand."

But very few of us are familiar with the process of how they're made.

Lucky for you, Business Insider visited the Mars Chocolate North America campus in Hackettstown, New Jersey, where 50% of all M&M's sold in the US are made.

Mars Chocolate — a segment of the $33 billion Mars candy, pet care, and beverage company — is the producer of M&M's, along with 10 other billion-dollar brands including Snickers, Dove, Milky Way, and Twix.

The Mars Chocolate North America campus, which opened in 1958 and employs 1,200 people, is home to a corporate office as well as the M&M's factory.

While touring the campus, we learned that the M&M's brand was founded by Forrest E. Mars, Sr. in 1941, and that it was the first candy in space in 1982.

Leighanne Eide, the Mars Chocolate North America site director, walked us through the factory and explained each step of the process. We were restricted from taking photos of certain top-secret areas — but below you'll get a better idea of how the M&M's-making process works:

SEE ALSO: Take a tour of the Mars Chocolate office, where life-size M&M's greet you at the door with free candy

The smell of sweet chocolate hit us as we approached the factory, which is a few hundred yards from the Mars Chocolate office in Hackettstown, New Jersey.

Upon entering the factory, we were asked to remove all jewelry. Next, Eide examined our fingernails to see if we were wearing nail polish. (They don't want chipped nail polish getting mixed in with the product.) Mine were polished, so I was asked to wear gloves. We were also required to wear a Mars-branded lab coat, like all factory associates.

Next we were given hard hats, safety glasses, ear plugs, and hair nets.

Do you ever wonder if there's a difference between sugar and all those artificial sweeteners you put in your coffee? It turns out, there are a number of key distinctions between them.

Follow TI:On Facebook

Join the conversation about this story »

Tom Postilio and Mickey Conlon are big players in the New York City real estate world. As stars of HGTV's "Selling New York," the two are known for their innovative marketing tactics and have closed $1.5 billion in residential sales. 

One of their most valuable tactics for selling property quickly and at its estimated market value is staging: reorganizing and designing rooms within a home to help potential buyers envision what it might look like if they were to move in.

While Postilio and Conlon generally work with a stager on massive projects that can cost up to six figures, the two have a number of valuable tips for sellers who want to try it themselves and are on a budget.

We got five of their most important tips on how to ready your home before it goes on the market:

SEE ALSO: 2 of New York's top real estate brokers share their best tactic for selling a home faster and for more money

Get your windows washed.

"The first rule is wash your windows," Conlon said. "The first thing that [potential buyers] do is gravitate toward the view. [If it's not washed] it's like looking at the world through dirty eye glasses."

Declutter by throwing things away, not stuffing it into a closet.

"Declutter," Postilio advised. 

Conlon agreed: "People have 400 bottles of shampoo on the floor of their shower, and you've just got to clear that stuff out. Instead of putting it in closets, throw it out, because storage is another important thing for [potential buyers]. If they don't feel like there's enough for their stuff, you're selling yourself short."

Make sure all bedrooms are staged as bedrooms.

These two advise against making one of a home's bedrooms into a media room or home office during the staging process. "We're always of the mind set for the resale value and getting the most that we can for our seller, and we want [potential buyers] to be able to [see] all the bedrooms [as bedrooms]," Postilio said.

"It's easier [for the potential buyer] to imagine the reverse," Conlon said.

If the race between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump has you feeling disillusioned with American democracy, you may find yourself imagining a move to Canada.

After all, it's a land where healthcare is free, people are friendly, and Prime Minister Justin Trudeau explains quantum computing just for laughs.

But actually becoming a citizen is tough: You need to live in Canada for at least six years, stay on your best behavior, and know a thing or two about the country you'll soon call home.

For those who actually want to head up north, here's how you move to Canada.

SEE ALSO: How to move to Sweden and live in the future

Preface: Make sure you're not already a Canadian citizen.

Before you go through the hassle of applying for citizenship, take a short quiz to see if you may already be Canadian.

The government outlines several caveats for being a citizen even if you weren't born there, many of which depend on your parents' citizenship. Maybe you secretly inherited their status at some point along the way.

Be at least 18 years old.

If you're not a legal adult, you've got an uphill climb ahead of you.

Minors need their parent or legal guardian to fill out the application for them; they need to be permanent residents in Canada (more on that later); and the parent must either be a citizen or applying to become one at the same time.

Or enter the pool for skilled immigrants.

Canada has a fast-track system for immigration called Express Entry. It's how skilled workers transition into a role in the country.

All applicants into Express Entry are given specific scores based on their specific talents and job prospects and then ranked with other applicants. Those at the top of the rankings are invited to become permanent residents.